The training for ID specialists is extensive and covers a variety of topics including: - Microbiology: Understanding pathogens. - Immunology: How the immune system combats infections. - Epidemiology: Study of disease patterns and outbreaks. - Antimicrobial Stewardship: Appropriate use of antibiotics. - Infection Control: Preventing the spread of infections in healthcare settings. Specialists must also be adept at diagnosing and managing infections in immunocompromised patients, such as those undergoing chemotherapy or organ transplants.