Preventing vertical transmission involves various strategies:
Prenatal screening: Early detection of infections like HIV, Hepatitis B, and syphilis. Antiviral treatments: Administering medications to the mother to reduce viral load and risk of transmission, such as antiretroviral therapy for HIV. Immunization: Vaccination against certain infections like Rubella before pregnancy. Safe delivery practices: Elective cesarean section for HIV-positive mothers to minimize exposure to the virus during delivery. Breastfeeding alternatives: Avoiding breastfeeding if the mother is infected with HIV or HTLV-1.
