In the context of infectious diseases, ELISA works by attaching an antigen or antibody to a solid surface, usually a polystyrene multi-well plate. A sample containing the corresponding antibody or antigen is then added, and if the target molecule is present, it will bind to the immobilized antigen or antibody. This interaction is then detected and visualized using an enzyme-linked secondary antibody that produces a measurable signal, typically a color change, upon addition of a substrate.
