What is Strep Throat?
Strep throat is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium
Streptococcus pyogenes, also known as Group A Streptococcus (GAS). It primarily affects the throat and tonsils, leading to a range of symptoms that can vary in severity.
How is Strep Throat Transmitted?
Strep throat is highly contagious and is primarily spread through respiratory droplets. This can occur when an infected person coughs or sneezes, releasing bacteria into the air. It can also be transmitted by sharing food, drinks, or utensils with an infected person.
Sore throat that usually starts quickly
Painful swallowing
Red and swollen tonsils, sometimes with white patches or streaks of pus
Tiny red spots on the roof of the mouth
Swollen lymph nodes in the neck
Fever
Headache
It's important to note that these symptoms can also be caused by other infections, so proper diagnosis is essential.
How is Strep Throat Diagnosed?
Diagnosis of strep throat typically involves a physical examination and a
rapid antigen detection test (RADT) or a throat culture. The RADT can provide results within minutes, but a throat culture, which involves growing the bacteria on a special medium, can take 24 to 48 hours and is considered more accurate.
What are the Treatment Options for Strep Throat?
Strep throat is usually treated with
antibiotics, which can help reduce the duration of symptoms, prevent complications, and reduce the spread of infection. Commonly prescribed antibiotics include penicillin, amoxicillin, and cephalexin. It is crucial to complete the entire course of antibiotics even if symptoms improve to ensure the infection is fully eradicated.
Prompt treatment with antibiotics can significantly reduce the risk of these complications.
Practice good hand hygiene by washing hands frequently with soap and water
Avoid close contact with individuals who are infected
Do not share food, drinks, or utensils with others
Cover mouth and nose with a tissue or elbow when coughing or sneezing
Additionally, individuals who are diagnosed with strep throat should stay home from work, school, or daycare until they have been on antibiotics for at least 24 hours to reduce the risk of spreading the infection.
When Should You See a Doctor?
It is important to see a doctor if you experience symptoms of strep throat, particularly if you have a severe sore throat, difficulty swallowing, or if symptoms do not improve within a few days. Prompt medical attention can help ensure proper diagnosis and treatment, reducing the risk of complications.
