What is Influenza?
Influenza, commonly known as the
flu, is a contagious respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses. It can lead to mild to severe illness, and at times can lead to
death. The best way to prevent the flu is by getting a flu vaccine each year.
Why is Influenza Prevention Important?
The flu can cause significant morbidity and mortality, especially in vulnerable populations such as
young children, elderly individuals, and those with underlying health conditions. Preventing influenza not only protects individuals but also helps in reducing the burden on healthcare systems and controlling outbreaks.
How Effective is the Influenza Vaccine?
The effectiveness of the influenza vaccine can vary. Factors include the age and health of the individual receiving the vaccine and the match between the vaccine strains and the circulating strains. On average, the vaccine reduces the risk of flu illness by
40% to 60% during seasons when the vaccine viruses are well-matched to circulating viruses.
Who Should Get Vaccinated?
Annual flu vaccination is recommended for everyone aged 6 months and older, with rare exceptions. The vaccine is particularly important for those at high risk of developing
flu-related complications, including pregnant women, individuals with chronic health conditions, and healthcare workers.
When Should You Get Vaccinated?
It is advisable to get vaccinated before flu viruses begin spreading in your community since it takes about two weeks after vaccination for antibodies to develop in the body and provide protection. The CDC recommends getting vaccinated by the end of October, although getting vaccinated later can still be beneficial.
Are There Side Effects of the Influenza Vaccine?
Common side effects of the flu vaccine are mild and may include soreness, redness, or swelling at the injection site, low-grade fever, and aches. Severe allergic reactions are rare. The benefits of vaccination in preventing flu far outweigh these potential side effects.
Can You Still Get Influenza After Vaccination?
Yes, it is possible to get the flu even after vaccination. This can occur if you are exposed to a flu virus shortly before getting vaccinated or during the two-week period after vaccination before immunity develops. Additionally, you might be exposed to a flu virus that is not included in the vaccine.
What are Other Preventive Measures?
Besides vaccination, there are several other measures to prevent the spread of influenza: Practice good hand hygiene by washing hands with soap and water.
Avoid close contact with people who are sick.
Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze.
Stay home from work or school if you are sick to prevent spreading the virus to others.
Clean and disinfect surfaces that may be contaminated with viruses.
What About Antiviral Medications?
Antiviral drugs can be used to treat flu illness. They work best when started within two days of getting sick. Antivirals can lessen symptoms and shorten the time you are sick by 1 or 2 days. They can also prevent serious flu complications like pneumonia.
Conclusion
Prevention is the key to controlling the spread of influenza. By getting vaccinated, practicing good hygiene, and taking antiviral medications when necessary, we can protect ourselves and our communities from this potentially serious disease.
